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1993-01-08
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pnmrotate(1) Unix Programmer's Manual pnmrotate(1)
NAME
pnmrotate - rotate a portable anymap by some angle
SYNOPSIS
pnmrotate [-noantialias] angle [pnmfile]
----- -------
DESCRIPTION
Reads a portable anymap as input. Rotates it by the specified angle and
produces a portable anymap as output. If the input file is in color, the
output will be too, otherwise it will be grayscale. The angle is in
degrees (floating point), measured counter-clockwise. It can be
negative, but it should be between -90 and 90. Also, for rotations
greater than 45 degrees you may get better results if you first use
pnmflip to do a 90 degree rotation and then pnmrotate less than 45
------- ---------
degrees back the other direction
The rotation algorithm is Alan Paeth's three-shear method. Each shear is
implemented by looping over the source pixels and distributing fractions
to each of the destination pixels. This has an "anti-aliasing" effect -
it avoids jagged edges and similar artifacts. However, it also means
that the original colors or gray levels in the image are modified. If
you need to keep precisely the same set of colors, you can use the
-noantialias flag. This does the shearing by moving pixels without
changing their values. If you want anti-aliasing and don't care about
the precise colors, but still need a limited *number* of colors, you can
run the result through ppmquant.
--------
All flags can be abbreviated to their shortest unique prefix.
REFERENCES
"A Fast Algorithm for General Raster Rotation" by Alan Paeth, Graphics
Interface '86, pp. 77-81.
SEE ALSO
pnmshear(1), pnmflip(1), pnm(5), ppmquant(1)
AUTHOR
Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 by Jef Poskanzer.
12 January 1991 1